Assalamualaikum dan Salam Sejahtera.
Pada minggu sebelum ini saya telah belajar dan faham apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ADDIE model dan apakah fasa - fasa yang terlibat. Maka, untuk kelas pada minggu ini pensyarah kesayangan kami telah memberi satu kuiz mengenai fasa pertama dalam ADDIE iaitu 'Analysis Phase'. Tumpuan utama di sini adalah mengenai 'Goal Analysis' dan 'Instructional Analysis'.
Di sini saya kongsikan soalan kuiz tersebut dan jawapan yang telah saya berikan ketika menjawab kuiz dalam talian ini. Jawapan ini adalah berdasarkan apa yang saya faham mengenai topik ini pada ketika itu.
Selepas itu, pensyarah terus memberi penilaian iaitu komen beserta markah. Saya mengambil segala maklum balas ini dengan fikiran positif dan terbuka kerana ini merupakan pengalaman bermakna di dalam pengajian saya. Selepas membuat refleksi, kita akan tahu di mana kekurangan dan kelemahan yang patut diperbaiki untuk berjaya pada masa hadapan.
Question:
In not more than 1000 words, answer the following
1. Write down the things you need to consider when preparing a lesson to teach how to cook rice for a class of preschool students (5 years old). Write your goal analisis, and your instructional analysis on what you need to teach.
2. Next, imagine you have to teach a class of adult students, say a group of students from Denmark, who have no experience in cooking rice, nor do they have a rice cooker. What needs to change in your instructional analysis.
My Answer:
In order to prepare a lesson to teach how to cook rice for a class of preschool students (5 years old), we need to consider an analysis phase first which are involve goal analysis, learner analysis, contextual analysis and task analysis (Morrison, Ross, Kalman & Kemp, 2011). A part of that, here we discuss on the goal analysis and instructional analysis for the lesson and explained in below.
Title
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“How to Cook Rice”
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Age Group
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This activity is geared toward preschool-aged-kids, most appropriately five years old students.
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Number of Children
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This activity can be done with a small group of students only as teacher need to give more focus or closely guided to each student. An appropriate ratio would be 5 students for every 1 teacher.
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Location/Time
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This activity can be done in a class room at any time of day either on morning or afternoon.
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Objective
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The students will increase their general knowledge on what activities that the farmers do in a rice field.
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The students will learn and understand the process of making rice and the needs of rice to people.
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The students will know and describe the ingredients or materials needed to cook rice.
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The students will be able to the scientifically process that related in transformation of paddy to rice.
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The students will be able to explain the steps involve in cooking rice and will be able to cook rice by their own with adult’s guidance.
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Materials
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- 1 cup of rice
- 2 cup of water
- Plate
- Pot
- Small tables
- Rice cooker
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Procedures
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Step 1
Teacher shows to the students the videos of rice field and make sure there are suitable sounds in the videos related with the agricultural activities.
The teacher can ask them few questions such as
-What they saw there?
-Where are the locations of rice field in Malaysia?
-What we get from the plants (paddy)?
-Who involve in the activities there?
Then, teacher can tell a story about rice field as Malaysia is one of the producers of rice and most of Malaysians eat rice. These will give general knowledge to students about the agricultural activities at the rice field because not all preschool students know about it.
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Step 2
Teacher shows to the students the pictures of farmers, mills and other things that related with the rice field. The teacher explains to the students the process of making rice and he or she also can use pictures as visual aids.
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Step 3
Teacher also can ask students why people eat rice and explain to them the reason such as for energy as the rice is one example of carbohydrates and so on. This will give the students something familiar with the topic.
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Step 4
Teacher explains to students what they are going to do today which is to learn how to cook rice.
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Step 5
Teacher can start to introduce the materials needed and also the ingredients. Teacher encourages the students to ask questions what is the name of ingredients that the teacher shows one by one?
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Step 6
Teacher start to demonstrate to students how to cook rice
- Firstly, put all the rice into a pot. Teacher also can ask students for help, so the students will demonstrate it to other friends.
- Secondly, rinse the rice with water.
- Next, throw out the water into a sink and replace with new water.
- Do not stir the rice and water. Instead, gently swirl the pot to mix them together.
- Put the pot in the rice cooker and cook for 10-15 minutes.
- Teacher can ask students to record time.
- After the rice cooked, put the rice into a plate.
While waiting the rice cook, teacher can frequently ask questions to students for example “Where does rice come from?” or “What do farmers do at rice field?” The students will communicate with their group and explain to the teacher what they have learned just now. The teacher also can explain to the students on the transformation process from paddy to rice.
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Step 7
Teacher have final wrap up with students with questions. This will solidify that they understand the lesson completely. Clean up the materials, tables and class room.
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This activity can be an ongoing part of the classroom and the items can be changed such as cooking pizza, sandwich and so on. The students that are interested in continuing cooking activities can discuss what they might cook at different times of the year and this can lead to enhance students’ communication skills.
For teaching a group of adult students from Denmark, who have no experience in cooking rice, nor they have a rice cooker, the teacher can follow the same steps how to cook rice in the above mentioned but have slightly adjustments in Step 1 to 4.
The changes are in Step 1 where the teacher shows the Denmark students videos or short movies of rice field activities, steps on processing of rice in Malaysia and how to cook rice using rice cooker as practiced by Malaysian people. Teacher also can briefly deliver information to the students as they are adult learners so no pictures are used as visual aids. Through the videos and lesson, the students will know the basic information, can ask questions and discussed with teacher in the classroom.
Next step, teacher can start to introduce the materials and ingredients to cook rice. The materials needed are same as mentioned above (Step 5 and Step 6). However without rice cooker, teacher can use microwave or put the pot on stove to cook rice. The teacher also can modify the recipe such as addition of butter or cheese into the pot. The teacher can ask students’ opinion on that. After the rice cooked, teacher have final wrap up with students with questions. This will solidify that they understand the lesson completely. Lastly, teacher and students clean up the materials, tables and class room.
